WHY DIDN'T THE CHICKS HATCH IN THE INCUBATOR?
Today, many poultry farmers prefer to raise poultry themselves. With the right approach, this allows you to breed healthy and full-fledged offspring, without purchasing chickens from farmers and poultry farms. But even when using modern equipment, novice poultry breeders are faced with the fact that the chicks do not hatch. Why does this happen, and is there any way to prevent this result even before the eggs are laid in the incubator?
Why don't Chicks hatch in an incubator?
A novice poultry breeder cannot expect 100% results from the first laying of eggs in the incubator. Most are faced with the fact that in the end, less than half of the chicks hatch, and in the most extreme cases, none at all. Why is this happening?
One of the elementary reasons-eggs simply could not be fertilized by a rooster. It often happens that the rooster is too weak and cannot fertilize the females. To solve this problem is simple-replace the inseminator. If you buy eggs for hatching from farmers or poultry farms, you should try to buy them elsewhere.
Insufficient ventilation can also adversely affect the hatching process. If it is not well established, then there are problems with air circulation inside the incubator. Therefore, it is important to properly arrange ventilation inside the device or increase its power.
Some poultry farmers regularly change the temperature from 37 to 38, 5 degrees celsius during the entire time that the eggs are in the incubator. It is not recommended to do this, because you need to remember that the body temperature of the hen is always kept at the same level. Optimal temperature: from 37.5 to 38 degrees celsius. Anything more or less than these values is not allowed for high-quality chicken breeding.
The death of the embryo can also lead to incorrect laying of eggs in the incubator. Do not lay eggs immediately after transferring from a cool room. Keep them at room temperature for 8-10 hours before placing them. Otherwise, water condensate will form in the incubator, which clogs the pores of the egg shell and leads to a violation of gas exchange. Embryos die from lack of oxygen.
If the egg was stored in unsanitary conditions before being placed in the incubator, then mold, fungi, and pathogens can enter it through the pores of the shell, which will definitely lead to the death of the embryo. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully inspect the eggs when placing them in the incubator. You should not take suspicious-looking copies.
How do I check the quality of eggs for an incubator?
To avoid problems with the dead embryo, you should choose eggs for incubation especially carefully. To do this, you can use an ovoscope, with which you can study the internal state of the air chamber of the egg and yolk.
Ovoscoping should be carried out for egg breeds of chickens on day 6, on day 10 and 18, for meat breeds ovoscoping is carried out on day 7, 11 and 19. You need to understand that too often Voskobitova could cause irreparable harm to the embryo. That is why it is made no more than five times during the entire incubation period.
The following types of UN hatched embryos are divided:
Blood rings-this term is used if the embryo dies at the stage of formation.
Smothers-so called chickens that died after they were fully formed. This may occur due to adverse circumstances that occur during the incubation process.
Tumaki-eggs containing whole colonies of pathogenic microorganisms and fungi.
Frozen-this term refers to embryos that died in the middle of their development or a few days before the end of the incubation process. Their development is stopped due to various adverse circumstances.
An embryo or embryo is the name given to an organism that is at the initial stage of its development.
About genetic factors of eggs for an incubator
The successful breeding of chicks is also directly affected by the genetic factor of the cross or breed of hens. Based on this, we can give several main reasons for the death of chicks during the incubation period: inbreeding, chromosomal abnormalities, too old or young herd, the presence of 2 embryos in one egg, a sick herd.
If the parent stock had a lack of vitamins and nutrients, then the embryos will not receive them. These eggs are easy to distinguish: they have a viscous and thick yolk, as well as a large amount of protein. If such eggs and hatch chicks, they are obvious deviations: the curves of the limbs, the curve of the neck, the skin unhealthy hue with swelling. If the embryo lacks vitamin D3, then on the 8th day of incubation, it will increase the size of the kidneys, which leads to liver degeneration. Fetuses die on day 6 if there is a lack of vitamin B12. If, however, birds are born with a lack of this vitamin, then they also have defects: the beak is curved, like a parrot's, the heart has an irregular shape, and the head is too large. Also, the surviving chickens can't get out of the shell on their own because of the down that is stuck to the shell.
If the parent stock is given protein-containing feed, this leads to protein intoxication in the embryos.
Vitamin E deficiency leads to the death of fetuses on the 7th day, as the blood supply to the spleen and bone marrow is disrupted. Lack of vitamin H leads to the fact that chicks appear with deformed limbs, the thighs are usually shorter than they should be in a healthy chick. If the lack of vitamin H is too high, the embryos die on the 17th day of the incubation period.
The lack of vitamin A, pantothenic, linoleic acid, copper, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, molybdenum, as well as other macro - and microelements has a detrimental effect on the formation of chicks. The deficiency of each trace element is always reflected in the embryo, which dies or is born with serious abnormalities. At the same time, they begin to die from the 14th day of the incubation period just before hatching. This phenomenon can be prevented if timely ovoscoping is carried out, which always makes it possible to track the deviations and death of embryos, as well as save the remaining chicks.
The consequences of improper egg incubation
If the poultry breeder unknowingly made mistakes in the incubation process, this will inevitably lead to the death of the entire brood. So, if the eggs were allowed to overheat, then the fetuses bleed into the brain and heart, resulting in their death. If the temperature was exceeded in the second half of the incubation period, the embryos begin to lag significantly in development. This is why it is so important to keep a detailed diary throughout the incubation period in order to detect possible errors in time and prevent the death of embryos.
Any deviation from the temperature regime during incubation always leads to the appearance of deformities in the chicks. High temperatures not only affect the blood circulation process, but also lead to hyperemia, internal organs are left unprotected, and the abdominal cavity lags behind in development. As a result, there is a strong intoxication due to the breakdown of fat, and the embryo dies. If the surviving chicks do hatch, then they can see a residual yolk SAC. Their eyes may be missing, and their necks may be very crooked. They can't get out of their shell on their own, and attempts to help them also lead to death. If you try to open the eggs from which the chicks were trying to hatch,you can see embryos with swollen heads. The intestines of such embryos are clogged with yolk, the liver and heart are enlarged. To avoid such terrible consequences, it is necessary to carefully maintain the desired temperature in the incubator from 37.5 degrees celsius, and no higher than 38.5 degrees celsius. Ideally, the temperature should not exceed 38 degrees celsius.
Are the storage conditions and transportation of eggs so important for the incubator?
Improper storage and transportation of eggs, which will later be used for the incubator, can also lead to the death of embryos. If eggs are stored in unsanitary conditions, then fungi and pathogens enter through the shell. If this happens, then when opening the inside of the egg, you can see spots on the yolk and feel an unpleasant smell. Do not use for laying eggs on the shell of which there are abundant fecal masses. You should also give up those eggs that have a dark and uneven internal mass during ovoscoping.
To avoid the death of chicks before laying, it is necessary to treat the eggs with formaldehyde vapor for disinfection, 5% solution Of b chloramine, 1% hydrogen peroxide or other disinfectants. Poultry farmers for these purposes most often use "Deoxone", "Persintam", "Monklavit-1".
There are also rules for transporting eggs, violation of which leads to the subsequent death of the embryo. These rules are spelled out in the standard "chicken Eggs". If the transport rules are violated, the withdrawal percentage will be too low or not at all.
The percentage of output is also affected by the time when eggs are stored before being placed in the incubator. The best option is to store eggs for no more than 5 days for high output and no more than 10 days for breeding stock. Each subsequent day reduces the withdrawal percentage.
